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TEMPORAL BONE - ANATOMICAL FEATURES

• squamous part = squama = squama temporalis
  

• outer surface
  

• vertical groove for middle temporal artery
• temporal line = supramastoid crest

• zygomatic process

• superior border
• inferior border
• lateral surface
• medial surface
• anterior end
• posterior end

• posterior root of zygomatic process
• suprameatal crest
• suprameatal spine
• anterior root of zygomatic process
• articular tubercle
• projection for temporomandibular ligament
• anterior part of mandibular fossa = glenoid fossa
• petrotympanic fissure = Glaserian fissure
• conical eminence
• suprameatal triangle = Macewen’s triangle = mastoid fossa

• internal surface

• depressions for convolutions of temporal lobe of brain
• grooves for branches of middle meningeal vessels

• antero-inferior border

• superior border
  

• parietal notch (with mastoid part)

• mastoid part = pars mastoidea

• outer surface

• mastoid foramen
• mastoid process
• mastoid notch = digastric fossa
• occipital groove

• inner surface

• sigmoid sulcus

• opening of mastoid foramen
• groove for transverse sinus

• superior border
• posterior border

• contents

• mastoid cells
• tympanic antrum
• tegmen tympani
• attic = epitympanic recess

• petrous part = pyramid = pars petrosa = pars pyramis     
  

• base
  

• apex
  

• anterior orifice of carotid canal = internal orifice of carotid canal
  

• anterior surface

• depressions for convolutions of temporal lobe of brain
• arcuate eminence = eminentia arcuata
• tegmen tympani
• groove(s) for greater superficial petrosal nerve and petrosal branch of middle meningeal artery
• hiatus of facial canal
• opening for lesser superficial petrosal nerve
• carotid canal
• trigeminal impression for semilunar ganglion

• posterior surface

• internal acoustic meatus
• aquæductus vestibuli
• irregular depression (= subarcuate fossa in infant)     

• vertical plate at lateral end of canal from internal acoustic meatus 

• crista falciformis

• area facialis

• opening of facial canal = aquaeductus Fallopii   

• ridge dividing area facialis from area cribrosa

• area cribrosa superior

• openings for nerves to utricle and superior and lateral semicircular ducts

• anterior inferior cribriform area

• tractus spiralis foraminosus
• canalis centralis cochleae 

• ridge dividing tractus spiralis foraminosus from area cribrosa media

• area cribrosa media

• openings for nerves to saccule

• foramen singulare

• inferior surface 

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• rough surface for attachment of levator veli palatini, cartilaginous part of auditory tube, and basilar part of occipital bone
• carotid canal

• bony ridge dividing carotid canal from jugular fossa

• inferior tympanic canaliculus

• triangular depression

• aquæductus cochleæ

• jugular fossa

• mastoid canaliculus

• vaginal process

• lateral lamina
• medial lamina

• styloid process
• jugular surface
• stylomastoid foramen
• tympanomastoid fissure

• superior angle

• groove for superior petrosal sinus
• notch for trigeminal nerve

• posterior angle

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• sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus

• jugular fossa

• eminence

• anterior angle     

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• lateral part

• petrosquamous suture

• medial part = free part

• contents

• tympanic cavity
• auditory ossicles
• internal ear
  

• tympanic part = pars tympanica
  

• postero-superior surface
  

• tympanic sulcus

• antero-inferior surface

• posterior part of mandibular fossa = glenoid fossa

• lateral border = external auditory process
  
• upper border

• lower border

• medial part
• lateral part = vaginal process

• foramen of Huschke

• styloid part = styloid process = processus styloideus

• proximal part = tympanohyal
• distal part = stylohyal

• junction of squamous and tympanic parts

• external auditory meatus = external acoustic meatus

• junction of squamous and petrous parts

• semicanalis musculotubarii tensoris tympani
• septum canalis musculotubarii (processus cochleariformis)
• semicanalis tubae auditivae
  

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