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SPHENOID BONE - ANATOMICAL FEATURES

• body
  

• superior surface
  

• ethmoidal spine
• groove for olfactory lobe
  
• chiasmatic groove = chiasmatic sulcus = prechiasmatic sulcus = optic groove

• sella turcica

• tuberculum sellae
• middle clinoid process
• hypophyseal fossa
• dorsum sellae
• posterior clinoid process
  

• notch for abducens nerve
• petrosal process
• clivus

• lateral surface
  

• carotid groove = carotid sulcus
• lingula = sphenoidal  lingula
  

• posterior surface

• anterior surface
  

• sphenoidal crest
• opening to sphenoidal air sinus

• sphenoidal conchae = sphenoidal turbinated process

• aperture to sphenoidal sinus
• upper surface
• under surface = lower surface

• inferior surface

• sphenoidal rostrum
• vaginal process
  

• contents

• sphenoidal air sinuses
• laminae
• septum
  

• optic foramen

• lesser wing = small wing = ala parva = orbito-sphenoid
  

• superior surface
• inferior surface
• anterior border
  

• posterior border
  

• anterior clinoid process
• ± carotico-clinoid foramen
  

• upper root = superior root
  
• lower root = inferior root = optic strut
  

• greater wing = ala magna = ali-sphenoid
  

• superior surface = cerebral surface
  

• depressions for convolutions of temporal lobe
• foramen rotundum
• sphenoidal emissary foramen = foramen Vesalii = foramen venosum = canaliculus sphenoidalis
• foramen ovale
• ± foramen petrosum = foramen of Arnold = petrosal foramen = canaliculus innominatus
• foramen spinosum
  

• lateral surface
  

• superior portion = temporal surface
• infratemporal crest
  

• inferior portion = infratemporal surface
  

• foramen ovale
• foramen spinosum
• sphenoidal spine = spina angularis = alar spine = spinous process
  
• groove for chorda tympani nerve
  

• triangular process for lateral pterygoid muscle
• ridge = anterior limit of infratemporal surface
  

• orbital surface

• upper edge = superior border
• lower edge = inferior border
  

• medial margin

• tubercle
• notch for recurrent branch of lacrimal artery
  

• lateral margin

• foramen rotundum

• grooved surface

• pterion

• pterygoid process

• medial pterygoid plate = medial pterygoid lamina
  

• pterygoid hamulus
• lateral surface
• medial surface

• vaginal process
  

• furrow for pharyngeal branch of internal maxillary artery and pharyngeal nerve from sphenopalatine ganglion
  

• pterygoid tubercle
• posterior opening of pterygoid canal
• processus tubarius
  

• lateral pterygoid plate = lateral pterygoid lamina
  

• lateral surface
• medial surface
  

• pterygopalatine groove
• pterygoid fissure = pterygoid notch
• pterygoid fossa
• scaphoid fossa
  

• anterior surface
  

• anterior orifice of pterygoid canal

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